Wisconsin CNA State Exam Vocabulary Practice

What is the condition where the alveoli in the lungs become filled with trapped air, often caused by smoking and chronic bronchitis?

1. Emphysema

2. Enema

3. Epilepsy

4. Ethics

The correct answer is: Emphysema

Emphysema is a chronic lung condition characterized by damage to the alveoli, which are the small air sacs in the lungs responsible for gas exchange. In emphysema, these alveoli become enlarged and lose their elasticity, resulting in trapped air that makes breathing difficult. This condition is often associated with long-term exposure to irritants, particularly cigarette smoke, as well as chronic bronchitis, another form of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The loss of surface area for gas exchange leads to decreased oxygen supply and often causes shortness of breath, particularly during physical activity. Understanding the implications of emphysema emphasizes the importance of avoiding smoking and managing lung health to prevent such conditions.